Based on 24 year rotation and fertilizer experiments, the effects of rotation and fertilization on the growth , yield and water consumption of spring maize were studied . Results showed that at the same fertilization level , leaf area , yield, and biomass of continuous cropping maize were higher than rotation treatment .Under the same rotation conditions, RT —NPM had the highest leaf area, yield, and biomass, RT —NPM was the second , and RT —NP was the lowest . Yield and biomass of the three treatments were significantly different . The averaged soil water content in 0—300 cm layer decreased firstly and then increased in different development stages and eventually fell to the lowest level in the silking stage . The order of treatments, by water consumption of spring maize, was CT —NPM >RT —NPM >RT —NPK >RT —P . The rotation maize had the highest water use efficiency , continuous cropping maize was in the second level , and RT —NP and RT —NPK were in the lowest level.