In order to understand the basic fertility condition of cultivated land and scientifically guide agricultural production in Aksu City of Xinjiang Wei Autonomous Region,China,fertility evaluation and improvedpartition of cultivated land are conducted by applying GIS technology and comprehensive index method.Results showed that the first,second and third levels of arable land account for 63.81%of the total cultivatedland area.Most of the arable land is in the middle and upper level with high land productivity potential.Themajor obstacle factor for the low level of arable land is soil salinization.Low contents of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available nitrogen,available zinc and effective manganese are also less important obstacle factors.Improved utilization division of arable land in Aksu City is carried out by using this evaluation resultand improved utilization measurements are suggested,which helps making utilization division on arable landquantitatively.