Land cover change and net primary productivity change are the important indicators of regional ecoenvironment.Based on EOS/MODIS satellite remote sensing data and using spatial analysis module of software named ArcGIS9.3,this paper analyzes the spatiotemporal pattern of land cover change and net primaryproductivity and their relationship in Lu'an coal mine area from 2001to 2006.Net primary productivity from²001to 2003in most area is higher than 0.2kg/(m²·a)and from 2004to 2006,lower than 0.2kg/(m²·a),which means a significantly decreased trend of net primary productivity in the investigated period.In thesame period,there are three main types of land cover conversion,i.e.,shrub to savanna,savanna to crop,and water area to non-vegetated.The spatiotemporal changes of both land cover change and net primary productivity are mainly resulted from human activities and climate change.The former includes coal mining andfarming and the latter,decreasing precipitation and increasing temperature.In short,as a result from bothcoal mining and farming,human activities have caused land cover changes which have directly led to the decrease of net primary productivity in Lu'an coal mine area.