A field experiment with three litter removed(10%, 50% and 70%) and four litter added(15% and 25% Bambusa intermedia, and 15% and 25% Cunninghamia lanceolata) treatments was conducted to study soil organic carbon in Dendrocalamus affinnis forest as affected by changeing litter input. Results showed that soil organic carbon content in the forest significantly decreased after litter was removed(p<0.05). The more the litter removed, the larger the decrease in soil organic carbon content was. Litter adding can significantly increase soil organic carbon content(p<0.05). Higher soil organic carbon content was detected in the 15% litter added treatment as compared with the 25% litter-added. Moreover, adding B. intermedia litter was more beneficial to soil carbon accumulation than adding C. lanceolata litter. This study suggests that the appropriate mixed species and proportion, as well as the protection of litter layer, can play important roles in maintaining soil organic carbon in D. affinnis forests.