A study was conducted at different degrees of canopy coverage in Pinus tabulaeformis plantation in the Taiyue Mountains, Shanxi Province, to analyze the hydrological functions of litters and soil layers. The results showed that: (1) The total storage capacity of litter layers was about 7.43~10.86 t/hm², and litters increased with canopy coverage increasing. The maximum water holding rate ranged from 276.54% to 311.33% and the maximum water holding depth, from 8.02 to 14.34 mm, showing an order in canopy coverage of 0.7 > 0.6 > 0.8 > 0.5. The forest with canopy coverage of 0.7 showed better water holding capability. Water holding rate and soaking time without decomposition litters and semi-decomposition litters had a visible logarithmic relationship(R>0.87), and absorption speed rate and immersion time had a power function relationship(R>0.94).(2) The average soil bulk density for different degrees of canopy coverage ranged from 1.36 to 1.49 g/cm³; total soil porosity, from 44.71% to 48.75%; effective water storage, from 395.33 to 831.00 t/hm², and soil stable infiltration rate, from 1.00 to 3.47 mm/min.