In order to survey the effect of human activities on soil environmental quality, 44 top soil samples were taken in three areas of Jiaozuo City. The single pollution index and the composite pollution index were used to assess the soil heavy metal pollution, and geostatistics method was applied to evaluate the spatial variation structure and distribution of four heavy metals(Cr, Cu, Cd and Pb) in top soils. Results showed that Cr was ranked first and Cd was ranked second in pollution index and overall standard rate, with the overall standard rates being 47.73% and 22.73%, respectively. The concentrations of Cr and Cd were highest in Shanyang District, next in Zhongzhan District, and lowest in Jiefang District. The concentrations of Cu and Pb were highest in Jiefang District, followed by Shanyang District, and lowest in Zhongzhan District. The concentrations of Cr, Cd and Pb were significantly correlated and likewise, Cu and Pb were significantly correlated. The four elements, in order of decreasing spatial variability, were Cd, Cr, Cu and Pb. Results from semivariance analysis showed that Cr had a relatively strong spatial-related variability; Pb, a medium spatial-related variability; and Cd and Cu, a relatively weak spatial-related variability. The distribution of Pb was shown as ring; Cu, as island; and Cr and Cd, as ribbon.