Based on the original data in agriculture from 2000 to 2010 in Anhui Province and the construction of comprehensive assessment system for agricultural sustainable development capability, We conduct a dynamic analysis on agricultural sustainable development capability from the five levels of economic, social, ecological, environmental and resource sustainability by using entropy method. And the coordination degree model was established in order to expand the evaluation on the coordination state of the agricultural sustainable development of the five sub-systems from 2000 to 2010. The result indicates that the overall level of agricultural sustainable development shows a steadily rising trend in Anhui Province during 2000-2010, however, the levels of the sustainable development have a significant difference among the various sub-systems. The economic sub-system has a higher starting point and was grown fastest, followed by social sub-system and demographic sub-system; They all maintain a steady and rapid growth state. Whereas the resource sub-system and the environmental sub-system are at a slower developing speed, they even have a negative growth and still decrease. The coordination situation of the agricultural sustainable development from 2000 to 2010 in Anhui Province is not optimistic, it was basically at the uncoordinated state.