Based on the annual air temperature and precipitation data of 46 meteorological stations from 1961 to 2012 in the farming-pastoral ecotone of Northern China, the climate variation of temperature and the spatial-temporal characteristics of the drought and flood in the entire region were analyzed using the methods of climate trend rate, Mann-Kendall test and Kring interpolation. The results showed that:(1) In the past 52 years, the climate showed a warming and drying trend in the farming-pastoral ecotone of Northern China, and the trend had been enhanced after 1986.(2) The variations of temperatures and precipitation showed different characteristics in different spatial and temporal scales.(3) The drought and flood level was rising in the entire region and the three sub-zones, and showed a remarkable difference in different regions.(4) The distribution of flood disaster was in patchy shape, and that of severe droughts was in speckled pattern. Overall, the region was relatively more prone to drought, there was relatively more susceptible to floods in the northeastern section, more susceptible to drought in Northern China.