Jianghuai watershed area was selected as the research object. The vegetation index, dryness index, humidity component and surface temperature were selected to express green degrees, dryness, humidity and heat indexes. Comprehensive ecological quality evaluation index(CEQEI) was built in combination with principal component analysis to evaluate ecological environment condition comprehensively in the study area. The results showed that the average of CEQEI growth from 0.357 in 2000 to 0.529 in 2005, and it continued to grow to 0.615 in 2010. It indicated that the whole situation of ecological environment improved continually, and CEQEI could be used to evaluate the environmental conditions systematically in the study area.