Land use balance degree in Chongqing balancing urban and rural comprehensive development pilot area in 2012 was estimated. The driving mechanism of balanced development of regional land use was analyzed, and the regional land use potential were estimated quantitatively. The results showed that:(1) Highly balanced development and more balanced development class counties were mainly located in economic circle within one hour driving distance from the urban center. In the five imbalanced development cities, Xiushan and Youyang County are located in southeastern part, Chengkou, Wushan, and Wuxi County in northeast region.(2) The twelve highly balanced counties showed the trend of relatively harmonious and balanced development in three systems. The three kinds of efficiency drive were in all the seventeen more balanced counties, the four basic balance and the five disorders develop counties all belong to eco-efficiency-driven.(3) Following the land use potential model:The land use potential of Wushan and other two counties are defined as greatest, and Xiushan and Chengkou County are defined as greater, Shizhu and other three counties are defined as great; The results showed that the counties have potential to develop; Relatively the land use potential of Shapingba and other sixteen counties were defined as poor, which means it is hard to develop under the current technical level unless investing huge economic cost; However the land use potential of Jiangbei and other eleven counties demonstrated that there was almost no potential to develop in this counties.