In this paper, we made a scientific research on impact of the value change of land ecosystem services on economic development in mountainous area of Southern Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region from 1996 to 2011, by taking Longde County of Hui Autonomous Region as an example and based on the least square method. The results showed that:(1) The aquatic ecosystem should be strongly protected, as the value change of aquatic ecosystem services had the greatest influence on economic development in Longde County.(2) On the basis of steady forestry construction, the subsequent industry should be emphasized, as the value change of forest ecosystem services had the smallest influence on economic development in Longde County.(3) The value change of farmland ecosystem services had the positive correlation with the economic development in Longde County, in contrast, the others were negative correlation. In the future, the value of farmland ecosystem services should be increased, while the area of forestland, grassland, aquatorium and the land difficult to use should be decreased properly.(4) The influence, which value change of ecosystem services of the land difficult to use had on economic development in Longde County, was relatively weak. This illustrated that the economic development of Longde County relied on natural resources and showed low degree of modernization. So the industrial structure should be further optimized in order to improve the level of economic development.