[Objective] To investigate the effects of different calcium fertilizer application amount on yield and quality of Ural licorice Glycyrrhiza uralensis.[Methods] By field plot experiment, we investigated the effect of different calcium fertilizer application amount on the plant height, medicinal composition and aboveground and underground biomass of G. uralensis.[Results] The root yield, glycyrrhizic acid and total flavonoids of G. uralensis reached maximum when calcium fertilizer application amount was 450~600 kg/hm². Excess amount of calcium fertilizer could inhibit the growth of Glycyrrhiza uralensis.[Conclusion] Optimal amount of calcium fertilizer application is crucial to growth and effective components of G. uralensis.