[Objective] To evaluate the sustainable development condition of water resources in Jiangxi Province.[Methods] Based on the principle and calculation model of water resources ecological footprint, the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of water resources in the years from 2007 to 2011 were analyzed.[Results] The total water resources capacity gradually increased from 2.029 12×10⁸ hm² in 2007 to 4.151 51×10⁸ hm² in 2010. The total ecological footprint of water resources increased in the past five years, and it increased from 3.882 09×10⁷ hm² in 2007 to 4.344 7×10⁷ hm² in 2011, and the water resources ecological footprint of per ten thousand yuan GDP in Jiangxi Province continued to increase. This indicated that the utilization of water resources in Jiangxi Province gradually decreased in the past five years.[Conclusion] The changes of ecological footprint of water resources are closely related to socio-economic development. People should adjust the industrial structure fully, manage and use of water resources rationally, to promote the sustainable development of the overall socio-economy of Jiangxi Province.