[Objective] This paper aimed to illustrate the distribution of soil organic carbon(SOC) storage and its differences caused by land use types.[Methods] Using GIS and geostatistical methods.[Results] (1) In 2010, total reserves of SOC in the surface(0-30 cm) was 1 161.28 Tg; (2) SOC distributed spatially heterogeneously, in the central and southwest of Sanjiang Plain, SOC was lower than that in the northwest, northeast and southeast; (3) The storage and density of SOC of different land use types were quite different. For example, farmlands had the highest surface storage of SOC with a value of 412.10 Tg, but grasslands contained the lowest SOC, that was only 2.31 Tg;(4) Surface SOC density of different vegetation types ranked as:marsh >woodland >grassland >paddy >farmland. Among them, the surface SOC density of marsh was 147.84 Mg/hm².[Conclusion] There are large difference of spatial distribution of SOC in Sanjiang Plain, and the distribution of surface SOC was affected by land use types.