[Objective] Through studying the current situation of dynamic coupling of ecological supporting capability and socioeconomic development in east part of Silk Road, this paper aimed to offer theoretical reference for coordinated development of regional economy and the environment, and to promote the sustainable and healthy development of the social economy.[Methods] Based on system theory, development of ecological supporting capability and social economy during 2000-2012 in the east part of Silk Road was analyzed and a coupling coordinated model was constructed. Upon which, an evaluation criteria and some fundamental types were put forward and the socioeconomic development was presented.[Results] (1) The ecological supporting capability decreased with the rate of 0.02/a in 2000-2012, and the socioeconomic development index increased with the rate of 0.04/a; (2) Coupling coordinate index of ecological supporting capability and socioeconomic development in east part of Silk Road increased over the past 13 years, but still at a low level; (3) The overall coupling development level of ecological supporting capability and socioeconomic development was low. There were four types in this region:lightly uncoordinated development of ecological loss type, lightly uncoordinated develop run-type, low-level coordinated development of synchronous type, low-level coordinated development of economy predominating type.[Conclusion] The ecological supporting capability has overloaded under the traditional industrial development pattern with high energy consumption and high population. At present, what matters most is to optimize the industrial structure and promote the coordinated development of eco-economy.