[Objective] This article aims to put forward a reasonable scheme on species configuration of artificial vegetation in rocky area, which is expected to be a technical support for restoring ecological systems and preventing water and soil loss.[Methods] According to the investigation on different grade vegetation in rocky desertification areas of Yanshan County of Yunnan Province, three types of species, which grow in the no rocky desertification, potential rocky desertification and mild desertification, are selected, and the community structure feature and their status in the community are analyzed.[Results] The dominant species in the different community are all recognized, such as Pistacia weinmannifolia and Quercus variabilis of arborous layer, Pyracantha fortuneana and Zanthoxylum simulans of shrub layer,Thatch of herb layer, Pueraria lobataof vine. They had an extremely important ecological and economic value.[Conclusion] According to the local condition, we proposed a reasonable species configuration scheme which combines the local dominant species of each layer and introduced species, such as Vitis amurensis by mixing mountain grass and shrub in the rocky desertification mountain.