[Objective] In order to provide references for the selection of suitible crops for black soil areas, to analyze the rill erosion characteristics of different cropland.[Methods] The study of surface runoff and soil erosion characteristics under three different cropland planting of corn, soybean and soybean-corn belt cropping, was carried out in the runoff plot of Hongxing State Farm in Heilongjiang Province located in the northeast typical black soil belt in 2013. [Results] For the performances of runoff retaining and sediment yield control, corn performed the best, while the intercropping of soybean-corn followed it, and soybean took the last. Compared to soybean, the surface runoff decreased 15.8% and 10.7% under the cultivation modes of corn and intercropping of soybean-corn; in corresponding to the soil loss, decreased 10.47% and 5.35%, respectively. [Conclusion] The control of surface runoff and soil loss between corn and soybean-corn belt cropping was not significant under the relatively low-intensity rainfall conditions. Whereas the control of surface runoff and soil loss under soybean-corn belt cropping was much better than that under soybean in the high-intensity rainfall condition.