[Objective] To reveal the key factor of soil anti-erodibility in filed of moso bamboo in order to provide references for further studing influence mechanism of soil anti-erodibility. [Methods] Using the method of field investigation and laboratory analysis, changes and influences of soil anti-erodibility under moso bamaboo with different mixture patterns were examined. The forest types included the forest Ⅰ(evergreen broad-leaved forest), Ⅱ(ratio of moso bamboo to broadleaf trees was 8:2), Ⅲ(ratio of moso bamboo to broadleaf trees was 6:4), Ⅳ(pure-moso bamboo forest), Ⅴ(ratio of Chinese fir to moso bamboo was 8:2), and Ⅵ(Chinese fir). [Results] The soil anti-erodibility was the strongest for evergreen broad-leaved forest and the poorest for Chinese fir. The soil anti-erodibility of mixed-moso bamboo forests was better than pure-moso bamboo's. Among those mixed-moso bamboo forests, the forest Ⅲ was the best one, followed by the forest Ⅱ and forest Ⅳ. The changes of soil disintegration rate of those forests were different from the trend of the soil anti-erodibility. The soil disintegration rate was slowest for evergreen broad-leaved forest and fastest for forest Ⅲ. The forest Ⅱ, Ⅴ, and Ⅵ were better than the pure-moso bamboo forest. With regard to the different forest types of soil anti-erodibility and disintegration rate, the forest Ⅱ was regarded as the better forest type. [Conclusion] There was a significant correlation(p<0.05) between the soil anti-erodibility and organic matter content, non-capillary porosity, total porosity, soil bulk density, rhizome biomass, and foliage biomass based on correlation analysis. The soil anti-erodibility was affected by change of soil and vegetation structure. The changes of soil anti-erodibility credited biomass distribution and change of soil structure.