[Objective] This paper elucidated the impacts from climate change to flood and drought in Northeast China in order to make full use of climatic resources, and to provide scientific basis for agricultural countermeasures to climate change. [Methods] Data of monthly temperature and precipitation of 50 stations in Northeast China from 1956 to 2012 were used to illustrate the spatiotemporal features of droughts and floods in this area by Spline interpolation, Mann-Kendall test and Z Index. [Results] (1) The area appeared a trend of warming and drying as a whole in recent 57 years. (2) Temperature in sub-humid area increased by 0.34℃/10 a. In humid area, it was relatively low as 0.25℃/10 a. Precipitation in sub-humid area decreased obviously as high as -8.82 mm/10 a. (3) Z indexes in the whole area, semi-arid and sub-humid area showed an evolutionary features as "flood-drought-flood-drought". (4) The centers attacked by high frequency of large floods were Sanjiang Plain, North of Lesser Khingan Mountains and Nenjiang River Valley, and so on. While, the western area was much more frequently to suffer severe drought. [Conclusion] The ecological environment of this area is fragile, in order to offset the negative influences of drying-warming trend to farming and animal husbandry in drought-attacked areas, emergency works should be planned as early as possible to relief drought timely.