[Objective] The objective of this study is to monitor the dynamic change of soil and water loss in the key construction sections in the west section of the second line of west-east natural gas transmission pipeline project in order to provide support for the subsequent long-distance transmission pipeline projects.[Methods] Three key sites, which located in Tianshan mountain area, Tulufan-Hamei basin area and Leoss Plateau area in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, were monitored. Traditional located monitoring, remote sensing and theoretical analysis was adopted.[Results] The large amount(1.61 million tons) of new-increased soil erosion was caused by the construction of the west section of the second west-east natural gas transmission pipeline project. In particular, around 93.68% of soil erosion occurred at the pipeline working zone.[Conclusion] The construction of the west section of the second west-east natural gas transmission pipeline project has intensified soil erosion in the project areas.