[Objective] We analyzed the dynamic change of landscape pattern of Shengjin Lake in Anhui Province. Ecological security model was established and the driving forces that influence the landscape pattern change were discussed to provide the scientific basis for protecting and recovering Shengjin lake wetland.[Methods] Based on remote sensing and GIS technology, we used TM images in 1986, 2003 and 2011 to analyze the ecological security.[Results] The land use pattern in Shenjin Lake changed greatly. The area of grassland and water decreased dramatically. The diversity index increased while the dominance index declined. The intensified fragmentation in landscape pattern had significantly influenced the regulation and storage capacity of the wetland resources. In addition, the index of wetland ecological security tended to decline year by year.[Conclusion] Due to human activities, the area of nature wetland is reducing, and ecological function is declining. Growths in economy and population are the main driving forces that influence the dynamic change of landscape pattern in Shengjin Lake wetland.