[Objective] This study analyzed the vegetation types of forest water conservation capacity and total water conservation value of forest ecosystem in Jilin Province in order to provide the basis for forest sustainable operating and management.[Methods] Based on the measurements of rainfall interception rate and rainfall of forest ecosystems, we obtained forest water conservation converting by analyzing the relationship between rainfall interception rate and forest canopy and precipitation. By reusing the shadow engineering method, we got the economic value of forest water conservation.[Results] (1) The average annual rainfall was 1179.9 mm in Jilin. The order of water holding capacity was:natural forest >plantation >arbor >economic forest.(2) The amount of forest water conservation was 7.24×10¹⁰ m³. The value of forest water conservation was 1.81×10¹¹ yuan per year.[Conclusion] (1) As the water outflow was greater than inflows, Jilin Province belonged to water-deficient area in both population and ecology.(2) The forest vegetation type in Jilin Province is rich, but spatial distribution of vegetation is uneven.