[Objective] The pollution characteristics of rainfall runoff on different underlying surfaces in Taiyuan industrial area were investigated in order to provide some scientific bases for water conservation and ascertainment of industrial water pollution sources.[Methods] Based on the monitoring data of runoff water quality from two underlying surfaces, the mean pollutant concentrations of event rainfall(EMCs) were calculated. The monitoring ingredients including:COD_cr, NH₃-N, NO₃^--N, TN, TP, Cu and Zn.[Results] Concentrations of COD_cr, NH₃-N, NO₃^--N, TN and TP in Taiyuan industrial area were all above the surface water range of standard Ⅴ.No obvious pollution of heavy metal pollution was observed. There was a negative correlation between pollutant loads(EMCs) and the rainfall time, it conformed with an exponential equation.[Conclusion] There was a remarkable rainfall erosion effect on pollutants, and the pollutants concentration decreased with the increase of rainfall duration. In contrast with the cases of other domestic cities, the runoff water quality was in a lesser contamination degree for Taiyuan industrial area.