[Objective] The objective of this paper is to evaluate risk of the soil nitrogen loss around the Fenhe Reservoir in order to provide scientific support for the environmental management and pollution control in Fenhe River watershed.[Methods] Soil samples around the Fenhe Reservoir were collected in 2011, and soil total nitrogen contents were determined. Using the factors such as topography, climate, land use type, fertilizer use, population and distance to potential pollution source, we used the nitrogen index evaluation method and revised universal soil loss equation(RUSLE) to evaluate the risk of soil nitrogen loss in the study area.[Results] The risk of soil nitrogen loss is low in the study area. The proportion of low, medium, high and higher risk level is 78.04%, 2.72%, 9.31% and 9.93%, respectively. The areas with high risk of nitrogen loss are mainly located in the southwest and northeast of the research area, and the land use type is mainly farmland. The medium risk areas are mostly located in mountainous area along the river and the land use types are forest, grassland and farmland. The low risk areas are mainly located in the river valley area and the land use types are grassland and farmland.[Conclusion] Nitrogen index assessment is an effective method to assess the nitrogen loss risk. Using the source and migration factor of soil nitrogen loss together, this study can provided scientific support for environmental management and pollution control for Fenhe Reservoir.