[Objective] The objective of this study is to analyze the carbon sequestration benefits of Zanthoxylum bungeanum forest in order to provide support for the benefits assessment of karst rocky desertification control projects. [Mehtods] Z. bungeanum in Huajiang karst rocky desertification treatment demonstration site was chosen as the research object. The biomass, soil depth and soil holding capacity of Z. bungeanum forests with different forest ages were investigated in different rocky desertification areas(intensive, moderate and light desertification intensity). The carbon sequestration benefits of Z. bungeanum forests were then estimated. [Results] It was found that the carbon sequestration decreased with the increase of the desertification intensity. The carbon density of Z. bungeanum forest in light rocky desertification areas was 3.24 t/hm², while it respectively was 3.12 and 2.81 t/hm² in moderate and intensive rocky desertification areas. With the increase of the soil depth and soil hold capacity, the carbon sequestration of Z. bungeanum forest increased. [Conciusion] The average carbon density of Z. bungeanum forest was 3.06 t/hm², and the optimal carbon sink economic benefits was 19.2 thousand yuan of per hectare to 25.6 thousands yuan of per hectare.