[Objective] The key factors affecting field artificial cultivation of moss dominated crust and their optimal combination were experimented to provide theoretical support for the desertification control in the Mu Us Sandland. [Methods] Based on an orthogonal experimental design with sunshade, film mulching, nutrient solution and watering frequency as controlling factors, plant density and moss biomass of dominated crusts were measured. [Results] (1) except of the Knop nutrient solution, sunshade, film mulching and watering frequency had significant effects on plant density and biomass. (2) Sunshade, watering frequency, film mulching, Knop nutrient solution had varied affecting order on different indicators. In terms of plant density, the best culturing conditions was: sunshade+without film mulching+nutrient solution+high frequency watering. In terms of biomass, the best culturing conditions was sunshade+film mulching+nutrient solution+high frequency watering. [Conclusion] (1) Sunshade, film mulching, watering frequency had significant impacts on the process of artificial cultivation of moss dominated crust. (2) Field artificial cultivation of moss dominated crust in arid and semi-arid regions is feasible on the premise of providing suitable growing conditions.