[Objective] The effects of drought on wheat seedling growth and selecting excellent wheat germplasm materials with drought resistance were studied to provide a basis for the breeding of new drought-resistive varieties. [Methods] Seedlings derived from the cross between Weimai 8 and Luohan 2 were used as experimental materials, which had 291 lines from a recombination inbred line(RIL) population(F₉). The seedlings were treated with different water conditions during germination stage, and multiple agronomic trait indices were measured. A comprehensive evaluation of drought tolerance of the RIL population and its parents were conducted by methods of principal component analysis and K-means clustering. And also, correlation analysis between drought tolerance indices and yields of all the lines was conducted. [Results] Those germinated wheat seeds treated with 10% PEG-6000 were observed to be promoted for coleoptile length and root number, while obvious inhibitory effects were observed for other agronomic traits. 44 excellent lines with drought tolerance were selected from the RIL populations, which provided valuable germplasm materials for drought resistive wheat breeding. [Conclusion] The responses of root to drought stress performed the mostly sensitive, because a strong root system under drought tolerance is one of the important conditions that decide the drought tolerance of seedling. Drought tolerance of wheat seedlings and its yield were remarkably positively correlated.