[Objective] The impact degree of water quality preservation of the middle line of South-to-North Water Transfer project on fishery was discussed to provide a scientific basis for the fishery restructuring of Ankang City, Shaanx Province. [Methods] After reviewing related literatures and investigating into the fishery status, the factors that might limit the development of fisheries in Ankang City were listed and analyzed. [Results] Water quality protection might eventually has positive impact on fisheries development, but at present and in a short term, water quality protection is the limiting factor in terms of annual output value, breeding technology choices, consumers choice and so on. Annual revenue of filter-feeding fish farming is only 10% of the feeding fish farming. Fish farming restructuring leads to the significant drop off of fishery revenue in Ankang City. [Conclusion] To promote the well-being sustainable development of the fisheries industry in the city, measures of government propaganda, scientific guidance and supportive policy should be taken.