[Objective] The distribution and charcteristics of freeze-thaw erosion in Heilongjiang Province were explored to provide basis for sustainable development of agriculture in black soil area. [Methods] On the basis of investigation and analysis of influence factors of the freezing and thawing erosion of Heilongjiang Province, the distribution of freeze-thaw erosion was determined by method of analytic hierarchy process(AHP) and by referring other relevant research. [Results] The scope of freeze-thaw erosion is in 131°-122°E, 53°-48°N in Heilongjiang Province. The erosion area is 3.29×10⁴ km², covering 11.98% of the total area of the province. Among them, areas of mild erosion, moderate erosion, strong erosion and extremely strong erosion accounted for 21.78%, 42.32%, 23.788% and 12.12%, respectively. Erosion intensity decrease from north to south. [Conclusion] Freeze-thaw erosion distribute widely and had regional erosive intensity in Heilongjiang Province. The intensities of erosion are mainly moderate and mild.