[Objective] We aimed to study the soil and water conservation function of Cerasus humilis, in order to provide theoretical support for C. humilis local planting.[Methods] The water retention, water stability of soil aggregates, soil anti-erodibility of C. humilis in 4 different plots were examined in Liulin County, Shanxi Province, China.[Results] (1) The soil bulk density of C. humilis was significantly lower than other soil samples, and soil bulk density of C. humilis Ⅲ in sunny slope was the lowest(0.954 g/cm³ in surface, 1.163 g/cm³ in subsurface). It showed a significant negative correlation with soil total porosity and capillary porosity. (2) C. humilis displayed strong adaptability to the local conditions, and this was beneficial to improving soil fertility. (3) The soil aggregates and water-stable aggregates(>0.25 mm), the wet-sieving mean weight diameters(MWD) and soil aggregate water-stability index in C. humilis plantation were much higher than other plots, and it had the lowest soil aggregate breakage rate. (4) The average soil erodibility factor(K) values of 0-40 cm soil layer was the lowest in C. humilis plantation, which was effective to prevent soil erosion in surface and subsurface. (5) The value of K showed a significant negative correlation with clay and organic matter, while a significant positive correlation with silt. Soil texture determined soil erodibility.[Conclusion] C. humilis has a strong adaptability in hill-gully region of the Loess Plateau, which not only increase the income of farmers, but also improve the local soil and water conservation capacity and environment.