[Objective] We studied the relationship between climatic characteristics of rainfalls and geological disasters in typical regions of Sichuan Province to provide basis for analyzing the relation between climatic variation and geological disasters distribution in Sichuan Province.[Methods] Disaster cases were collected in recent 15 years and the typical regions of landslide and debris flow in Sichuan Province were marked out to analyze the relationship between geological disasters and the climatic characteristics of rainfalls.[Results] Landslides mainly occurred in the east of Sichuan Province, while debris flows mainly occurred in the west of Sichuan Province. The frequencies of the two kinds of disasters increased in recent years. Landslides in typical regions were caused by days precipitation, and specifically 15 days effective precipitation was responsible for it. Beside that, heavy rains were ordinarily found in early stage of the collected landslide cases. Debris flows in typical regions were caused by few-day rainfall, and was closely related to 3 days effective precipitation. Moderate rain and light rain were frequently observed in 3 days effective precipitation before debris flow outbreaks.[Conclusion] 15 days effective precipitation and 3 days effective precipitation were both associated closely to climate characteristics of rainfalls:the former can be the factor for landslide forecast, and the latter can be the factor for debris flow forecast.