[Objective] The change research of soil and water loss in the previous 10 years in Yongding County of Fujian Province was expected to make scientific basis for the rehabilitation of soil erosion in the region.[Methods] Landsat TM images of 2000 and 2010, combined with the 1[DK]:10 000 digital topographic map of Yongding County were used for the dynamic monitoring research of soil and water loss.[Results] The results showed that the soil and water loss in Yongding County mainly occurred in two main areas of northeast, southeast. In Yongding county, mild erosion, moderate erosion, and intensified erosion were mainly distributed. Very strong, intense erosion were sparsely distributed. Soil erosion is mainly distributed in low mountain foothills of 300~800 m. Over the past 10 years, a reducing trend with regard to the area and level was observed.[Conclusion] Yongding County has the representative traits in southern red soil region of wide range of water loss and soil erosion, large harness strength, prolonged management. The serious soil erosion in that area are the outcome of overburdened development projects and human activities. Therefore the monitoring and management of soil and water loss in the course of projects development should be strengthened, and the influence of human activities should be reduced.