[Objective] Analysis on spatial pattern of water conservative functionality of land ecosystem in the northern slope of Qinling Mountains to provide scientific reference for water resources planning and management, and balancing water resources allocation and urban economic development. [Methods] This paper analyzed the water conservation ability and the spatial heterogeneous pattern of the northern slope of Qinling Mountain at watershed scale in 2000 and 2010. Based on InVEST model, the influence factors of water conservation capacity were analyzed. [Results] (1) In 2000, the amount of water conservation in the northern slope of Qinling Mountains was 4.02×10⁹ m³, superficial 242.37 mm in an average. In 2010, the amount of water conservation in the northern slope of Qinling Mountain was 4.45×10⁹ m³, superficial 265.33 mm in an average. (2) The main water retention area in the northern slope of Qinling Mountain are Heihe River, Shitou River, Chanhe River and Bahe River basin. Their high value areas of water retention function located at some sub-watersheds, correspondingly as the souths of Heihe River, Shitou River, Shensha River and Bahe River. (3) Climate factor was found closely related to the ability of water conservation. Through the effect of vegetation change, land use/cover affected the regional water conservation function. For vegetation types, deciduous broad-leaved forest contributed the most proportion; for soil properties, brown soil had the highest contribution rate. [Conclusion] Water conservation capacity varied differently with regions by its comprehensive factors, such as climates, the way of land use, vegetation cover and soil conditions. In a word, the closer to the main ridge of Qinling Mountains, the stronger ability of water conservation in the northern slop of Qinling Mountains.