[Objective] This study aimed to explore the regulating effects of different slope land use patterns and tillage methods on soil moisture and soil & water loss in karst area of Central Guizhou Province, and to provide references for soil & water conservation on karst hillslope.[Methods] Yangjichong small watershed in Longli County, Longchang small watershed in Xiuwen County were took as the research areas, and the soil moisture, runoff and soil erosion were observed by using runoff plot method.[Results] The soil moistures among forestland, abandoned land and farmland were not significantly different(p > 0.05), though soil erosion was significantly different(p < 0.05). The effects on runoff among forestland, abandoned land and farmland were relatively complicated:runoff on abandoned land was significantly lower than the ones on forestland(p < 0.05); while there were no significant differences between forestland and farmland, and between abandoned land and farmland(p > 0.05). The study results of 2 typical tillage methods on soil moisture and soil & water loss indicated that the regulating effects of vegetable planted(spring cabbage) were better than the one of corn planted(monocrop), however, there were no significant differences between these 2 tillage methods on soil moisture and soil & water loss(p > 0.05).[Conclusion] Among the 3 different land use patterns, abandoned land had significant effect on soil and water conservation as compared to the ones of forestland and farmland in karst area of central Guizhou Province, and there was no significant difference between vegetable planted and planted corn.