[Objective] The aim of this study is to solve the issues of low water and fertilizer capacity, low organic matter content, low yield and unstable grain production of brown desert soil, in order to provided technical support for the sustainable development of maize industry in Hexi inland irrigation area.[Methods] The brown soil of Suzhou area in Jiuquan City, Gansu Province was selected and the field experiment method was conducted to screen the multi-functional soil improver formula and investigate the improvement effect on brown desert soil.[Results] The optimum ratio of multi-functional soil conditioner was:organic ecological fertilizer:water retaining agent:special fertilizer for corn production:polyvinyl alcohol was 0.978 3:0.000 9:0.019 6:0.001 2. The optimum application rate of multi-functional soil improver was 68.75 t/hm², and the theoretical yield of maize was 6.64 t/hm². The total porosity, capillary porosity, non-capillary porosity, agglomerates, saturated water holding capacity, capillary water holding capacity, non-capillary soils were significantly increased by 22.75%, 22.76%, 22.74%, 9.50%, 22.75%, 22.76% and 22.74%, respectively. The contents of organic matter, CEC, available N, available P and available potassium increased by 35.01%, 21.64%, 0.63%, 2.26% and 2.09%, respectively. Fungi, bacteria and actinomycetes increased by 93.97%, 35.35% and 20.78%, respectively. Invertase, urease, phosphatase and polyphenol oxidase increased by 61.82%, 44.64%, 40.00% and 64.29%, respectively. And maize yield and fertilization profits increased by 39.23% and 31.82%, respectively.[Conclusion] The application of multi-functional soil conditioner could improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of brown desert soil and improve the yield of maize.