[Objective] The thesis aims to provide scientific guidance for the conservation of ground vegetation, the protection of the island ecological environment, and its planned exploitation. Herein, the statistical relationships among soil physical and chemical factors on Nanchangshan Island, and their spatial distributions were researched.[Methods] Taking Nanchangshan Island as research area, we adopted quadrat method to investigate the statues of soil and vegetation and relevant indexes were calculated. Afterwards, these indexes would be studied in normal distribution test, correlation analysis, variance analysis and multiple comparisons based on SPSS.[Results] Most of soil samples belonged to grade four and was slightly acidic. The changes of soil bulk density and soil moisture content had obvious effects on available potassium. The trees and shrubs grew better on the top of the slope, where the contents of organic matter and available potassium were higher. Trees on the shady, semi-shady slope grew better and the nutrients in the soil were also higher.[Conclusion] Many factors can influence the spatial distribution of physical and chemical factors of soil on Nanchangshan Island, among which topography and vegetation are the dominant ones. The top and the middle of slope are mainly influenced by terrain and vegetative cover. The bottom of slope is mainly influenced by human activities. Regions with well-developed soil usually have something in common, such as better trees standing, gentle gradient and shady location.