[Objective] This paper studied the regional difference and dynamic evolution of agricultural eco-efficiency in Jiangsu Province to provide scientific basis for the vigorous development of ecological agriculture in the province.[Methods] Using DEA-BCC model, agricultural eco-efficiencies in 13 regions of Jiangsu Province in 2001-2015 were analyzed. The variations of technology development index, comprehensive technical index, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of total factor index were demonstrated.[Results] A significant difference was found among different regions of Jiangsu Province with respect to agricultural ecological efficiency. Annual ecological efficiency experienced two different variation phases, which were "descending firstly and getting stable".[Conclusion] To further improve the level of production management and the coordination degree of technological progress, strengthening the innovation of technological progress is an effective measure to improve the agricultural eco-efficiency of Jiangsu Province.