[Objective] To explore the influence of different shading on the growth and development of winter wheat and water utilization efficiency, and to analyze the growth and water consumption characteristics of wheat under the condition of shading, so as to provide a new way for water-saving irrigation.[Methods] The characteristics of leaf area, dry matter, yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat plants were studied through cell experiments, which sets five treatment groups:non-shading(CK), 20% shading(L₂₀), 40% shading(L₄₀), 60% shading(L₆₀) and 80% shading(L₈₀).[Results] The growth period of winter wheat was prolonged and the leaf area was increased through shading treatment, but there was no obvious change in plant height in each treatment; The shading of L₄₀, L₆₀ and L₈₀ inhibited the accumulation of stems and ear dry matter in winter wheat, and had the function of inhibiting leaf dry matter first and then promoting it; The allocation proportion of dry matter in stems, leaves and ear organs of winter wheat was changed by shading, but there was no significant impacts on the accumulation and distribution of winter wheat stem, leaf, and dry matter in L₂₀ shading; Both soil evaporation and total water consumption of winter wheat were significantly reduced in shading, and the larger the shading degree, the greater the decrease; Compared with CK, the yield of L₂₀ treatment was decreased by 4.23%, the water use efficiency was increased by 10.11%, and the yield and water use efficiency of other shadings was decreased.[Conclusion] It can be seen that the water-use efficiency is effectively improved and the water saving effect is obvious without obvious effect on yield in L₂₀ shading.