[Objective] The thesis aimed to evaluate the urban vulnerability evolution of resource-oriented Tangshan City of Hebei Province, and to provide scientific basis for improving the sustainable development ability of Tangshan City and similar resource-oriented cities.[Methods] Based on the framework of sensitivity response capability, the urban vulnerability evaluation index system was constructed from resources, environment, economy and society.Then we introduced matter element analysis model to evaluate the urban vulnerability of Tangshan City from 2000 to 2014.[Results] The overall level of urban vulnerability showed an downward trend in Tangshan City during the study period, the warning degree down from "to the huge warning transformation" to "no warning transformation", and divided into 4 stages. There are still many factors that restrict the vulnerability, including per capita arable land area, the local financial self-sufficiency rate, urban and rural balance index, resource intensive industry employment proportion, the proportion of the added value of industrial structure, the diversity index, unit GDP power consumption, industrial solid waste comprehensive utilization rate, science and technology expenditure of local fiscal expenditure, third industry practitioners and so on.[Conclusion] The matter element analysis model can be applied to urban vulnerability evaluation. The results show that the urban vulnerability of Tangshan City has been improved, but in the future, obstacle factors still need to be paid attention to.