[Objective] To evaluate the capacity in flood disaster prevention and reduction in order to provide effective references for the regional government to make scientific and effective policies in flood disaster prevention and reduction.[Methods] The index system for flood disaster prevention and reduction capacity was composed of flood monitoring and warning, flood disaster prevention and waterlogging control, rescuing and rehabilitation as well as disaster management. The traditional entropy weight method was improved based on the minimum relative entropy principle and the rank ration method, and the weight of each index was calculated by the improved entropy method. The improved entropy method and cloud model was used to establish the evaluation model, and the capacity of flood disaster prevention and reduction of the Huaihe River basin in Anhui Province was then assessed.[Results] The flood disaster prevention and reduction capacity was at middle and lower leve land the spatial difference was obvious. Flood disaster prevention capacity in the northern part of the basin was higher than the south, and the eastern part of the basin was higher than the west. The flood disaster and reduction capacity was relatively high in the urban area, and relatively low in the rural area. Feixi County, Huaibei City, Bengbu City, Huainan City, Chuzhou City were at the high level. Changfeng County, Wuhe County, Fengtai County, Xiaoxian County, and Tianchang City, Fuyang City, Luan City was at a relatively high level. Feidong County, Suixi County, Dangshan County, Sixian County, and Suzhou City, Jieshou City, Mingguang City were at a middle level, while the others were at a relatively low and even lower capacity of flood disaster prevention and reduction.[Conclusion] Based on the evaluation results of flood disaster prevention and reduction capacity, the vulnerable spots in flood disaster prevention and reduction in the area can be identified, and the overall capacity in flood prevention can be improved.