[Objective] The land use change and ecological environment effect in Xuzhou City were studied in order to provide theoretical support and reference basis for rational land planning and balance of regional economy and ecological environment.[Methods] The dynamic changes of land use types and spatial pattern evolution of land use in downtown Xuzhou City were investigated based on the analysis of land use transfer matrix and overlay. The ecological environmental effects of land-use changes were analyzed using NDVI and regional ecological environmental quality index.[Results] The Kappa coefficient of multi-source remote sensing data was higher than 0.90 based on results of classification and regression tree (CART). The area of cultivated land was greatly reduced, and construction land was increasing rapidly. Much suburb area has been converted into building land. During the period of 2004-2016, the low value zone of NDVI in Xuzhou City gradually expanded, but the ecological environment quality increased from 0.323 to 0.360, and then decreased to 0.320.[Conclusion] From 2004 to 2016, the urban expansion of Xuzhou City resulted in less farmland and intensified landscape fragmentation, but the acreage of greenbelt increased during the urban construction process and the overall ecological environment quality improved slightly. It is suggested to further strengthen the reasonable planning of urban landscape pattern and reduce the negative impact of urbanization on the ecological environment.