[Objective] To collect soil samples covered by four different types of vegetation (mudflat, Suaeda glauca, Phragmites australis and Spartina alterniflora) around Jiaozhou Bay coastal wetland in Qingdao City, Shandong Province, in order to explore the leaching characteristics of soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in coastal wetland. [Methods] The DOC contents of soil leachate from the soil samples were determined by soil column leaching test in laboratory, and the DOC structure was analyzed by UV-visible spectrophotometry. [Results] The DOC content in soil leachate increased with the increase of soil depth. The highest DOC content was 23.12 mg/L in soil leachate from P. australis, followed by the S. glauca (15.22 mg/L), S. alterniflora (14.44 mg/L) and mudflat (8.38 mg/L). The aromaticity and humification of DOC in the soil leachate of the S. glauca was the highest, and the molecular weight and aggregation degree of DOC in the soil leachate of S. alterniflora was the largest. With the increase of soil depth, the aromaticity and humification of DOC in the soil leachate increased, while the molecular weight and aggregation degree decreased. [Conclusion] The decomposition of vegetation residues and the difference in soil desorption capacity are the main factors influencing the DOC concentration of leachate in different soil layers. The vegetation type is the key factor affecting the DOC chemical structure in soil leachate.