[Objective] This paper studied the distribution rule and influencing factors of the governing valleys project in the Baota District of Yan'an City in order to provide scientific methods and management ideas for the later governing valleys project.[Methods] Based on the high-precision remote sensing image and the aerial interpretation of the aerial image of the drone, the mathematical statistics method and the quantitative analysis method were used to study the distribution rule and influencing factors of the governing valleys project through different indicators.[Results] ① In the 31 basins counted in the study area, the gully rate of 17 river basins was 30% or more, and the gully rate of each single basin increased linearly with the increase of the average elevation of the basin; ② The elevation rate of 244 elevation points in the governance project in a single watershed was counted, and 186 elevation ratios were greater than 0.38; ③ The elevation rate of 32 settlements was counted, and the 23 elevation rates were below 0.4.[Conclusion] The trench governing valleys project is distributed more upstream in the basin of the study area, and the downstream distribution is less; the governance projects in a single basin are mostly located in the middle and upper reaches of each basin; the slope has an impact on the governing valleys project, and the governance projects are mostly distributed in the branch ditch where the slope itself is moderated. The elevation rate of the residential area in the study area is relatively low, and it is mostly distributed in the downstream of the river basin. The governing valleys project has no large-scale impact on the living area of the residents.