[Objective] Water quality pollution of the karst heritage site in Shibing County, Guizhou Province was studied in order to understand the causes of water pollution and to protect the river and environment of the karst heritage site.[Methods] In October 2017 and April 2018, the Huangzhou River basin in the heritage site sampling 8 representative samples of TP, TN, NH₃-N, CODMn,DO, Chl-a and other indicators for the determination and analysis, and the use of single-factor evaluation method, The mean-value index comprehensive evaluation method and multivariate statistical analysis method were used.[Results] ① Heritage site buffer overall water quality meet the national surface water class Ⅲ of the water standard, the core part water quality does not meet the national class Ⅰ water standard, main pollutants for total nitrogen. ② The water quality of the Huangzhou River basin in spring and autumn has little difference, and the water quality is better in autumn as a whole, and the water body has a strong self-purification capacity. ③ The main pollution sources are domestic sewage, solid waste and agricultural surface source pollution.[Conclusion] The environmental protection and comprehensive management of watershed water quality in Shibing dolomite karst heritage site should be paid attention to, which are to reduce the long-term use of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, to prevent the free discharge and discard of domestic sewage and domestic waste.