[Objective] The effects of human disturbance on the community structure and species diversity of wild fruit forests in the Western Tianshan Mountains were studied in order to provided a theoretical basis for the restoration and protection of the wild fruit forests.[Methods] The present study investigated the effects of human disturbance on plant diversity of wild fruit forests in Western Tianshan Mountain based on the 32 representative plots with 20 m×20 m for each plot. The arbor diameter structure, the height structure, and the species composition and species diversity index of each forest layer were used as evaluation indexes. The effects of slight human disturbance(far from the core scenic area at 2~3 km), medium human disturbance(far from the core scenic area at 1~2 km) and severe human disturbance(far from the core scenic area at 0~1 km) on community structure and plant diversity of wild fruit forests were investigated.[Results] ① From the perspective of community structure, the individuals with arbor under mild and moderate disturbance were mostly distributed in the medium diameter class(20 cm < DBH ≤ 30 cm) and medium height class(5 m < tree height ≤ 8 m); individuals were mostly distributed in low diameter class(10 cm < DBH ≤ 15 cm), medium diameter class (20 cm < DBH ≤ 25 cm) and high height class(8 m < tree height ≤ 10 m), and their community structure and mildness. The community structure of the tree layer was significantly different from moderate disturbance. ② Among the 32 plots with a total area of 1.28 hm², 93 plant species were recorded, belonging to 40 families and 84 genera; the number of species showed a decreasing trend with the increase of human disturbance intensity. The numbers of species in the community under mild, moderate and severe disturbances were:93 species, 69 species, and 51 species. The Shannon-Wiener index and the uniformity index J decreased with the increase of human disturbance intensity, and the dominance index H' increased with the increase of human disturbance intensity.[Conclusion] A severe human disturbance could reduce the plant diversity of the wild fruit forest community and result in an unstable community structure, which is not conducive to vegetation restoration and species diversity protection.