[Objective] The erodibility of topsoil on purple soil sloping farmlands in the Three Gorges reservoir area was investigated in order to provide a basis for spatial allocation design of soil conservation measures.[Methods] Two different kinds of purple soil sloping farmlands with soil bunds, horizontal ditch were selected, and topsoil was collected to determine the particle composition and organic matter content. Then the soil erodibility index was calculated by the environmental policy-integrated climate (EPIC) model, as to compare the particle composition, organic matter content and erodibility of the topsoil on purple soil sloping farmlands with different soil conservations.[Results] ① The content of silty particle in the topsoil of purple soil sloping farmlands was higher, and ranged from 45.78% to 76.29%, while the content of clay particle was relatively lower, ranged from 6.05% to 10.58%. At the slope scale, silty particle content at the lower slope of the upper field was significantly higher than that at the uphill position of the adjacent downhill plot, while sandy particle content was the opposite. At the field plot scale, sandy particle content was higher in the upper slope, and silty particle content and clay particle content were both higher in the middle and lower slope. ② The content of soil organic matter in topsoil on purple soil sloping farmlands ranged from 0.61% to 1.48%. At the slope scale, the organic matter content in topsoil of the lower slope of the upper field was significantly higher than that in the upper slope of the adjacent downhill plot. At the field plot scale, the organic matter content in the topsoil was mainly concentrated in the middle and lower slope. ③ The erodibility K value of topsoil on purple soil sloping farmlands was ranged from 0.043 8 to 0.059 2. At the slope scale, the erodibility K value at the upper slope of the lower slope of ridge and horizontal gully farmland was 16.55% and 6.30% lower than that at the lower slope of the adjacent upper field, respectively. At the field plot scale, the erodibility K value was higher in the middle and lower slope. The highest value occurred at the 3/4 of the slope. The erodibility K value of topsoil was positively related to silty particle content (p<0.01), while negatively related to sandy particle content (p<0.01).[Conclusion] The anti-erosion capability of topsoil on purple soil sloping farmlands in the Three Gorges reservoir area is weak. Both soil bund and horizontal ditch have good soil conservation effects on purple soil sloping farmlands, which play an important role in improving the capability of soil anti-erosion.