[Objective] The soil water dissipation features between purple soil and yellow soil at different temperatures were compared, in order to provide a basis for field management of soil water in the purple soil area.[Methods] The topsoil on purple soil and yellow soil farmland were collected to observe the process of water dissipation at three different temperatures (20, 30 and 40℃) conditions, and the evaporation amount and evaporation rate, average evaporation rate and cumulative evaporation amount were then calculated.[Results] ① The evaporation amount, the evaporation rate, the average evaporation rate and the cumulative evaporation amount of purple soil and yellow soil were ranked as 40℃ > 30℃ > 20℃, however, the significant difference only occurred in the incremental stage of soil water evaporation(p<0.05). ② Under the three different temperature conditions, the evaporation amount, the evaporation rate and the average evaporation rate of purple soil and yellow soil increased first and then decreased, and finally tended to be stable. In contrast, the cumulative evaporation amount of purple soil was less than that of yellow soil, and the difference increased with time. ③ The cumulative evaporation amount of soil water changed rapidly at first and then slowly.[Conclusion] The dissipation processes of purple soil and yellow soil are greatly affected by the drying temperature, and the differences occur at the same temperature, especially at the stage of high water content.