[Objective] The temporal and spatial variation of ecological risks in Tuojiang River Basin based on the value of ecological services was explored in order to provide a basis for ecological risk management and control in the area.[Methods] By using ArcGIS, GeoDa, GS⁺ and Conefor Sensinode software, taking Tuojiang River basin as the study area, based on the land use data derived from remote sensing images in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015, the ecological service value in the study area was calculated, then the calculation method of ecological risk was improved, and the evaluation index system of ecological risk based on ecological service value was constructed. The spatial autocorrelation analysis and statistical analysis methods were then used to investigate the spatio-temporal variation of ecological risk in Tuojiang River basin in the rapid urbanization areas.[Results] ① The dynamic change of land use in Tuojiang River basin was remarkable. The main land types were conversion of arable land to construction land and forestland to arable land. ② The total value of ecological services in Tuojiang River basin increased firstly and then decreased, and the contribution of farmland and forestland to the value of ecological services was the greatest. ③ The ecological risk value showed an increasing trend. The ecological risk level was shifted from low and medium ecological risk to medium ecological risk, and the area of medium ecological risk increased significantly. ④ The variation of the ecological risk level distribution in the study area was great. The high risk and relative high risk areas were mainly distributed in the north of the study area, while the medium and lower risk areas were mainly distributed in the middle and south of the study area. The overall ecological risk was greater in the north than in the south.[Conclusion] Land use change have an important impact on the value of ecological services, which in turn will have an impact on the ecological risk of the Tuojiang River basin.