[Objective] The characteristics of soil salinization and seasonal variation in the typical oasis irrigation areas were studied, in order to provide theoretical basis for agricultural production regulation.[Methods] Using GPS positioning technology to conduct the field survey in different seasons. Indoor sample measurement, classical statistical analysis and geostatistics were used to analyze soil salinity and salt segregation content in the 31 regiment irrigation area of the lower reaches of the Tarim River.[Results] The pH value of the soil in the study area was ranged from 8.09 to 8.24, there was little difference between the different seasons, and the soil was alkaline. The content of soil salinity was significantly affected by the season, and it showed in different depth as follows:autumn > winter > spring > summer. The main ions in the soil at different depths were the same in different seasons. The anions in the soil salinity were mainly SO₄^2- and Cl^-, and the cations were mainly K⁺ and Na⁺. Soil salinity types were mainly sulfate in spring and autumn, and chloride-sulfate in winter. The soil salt content in autumn and winter decreased gradually with the increase of soil depth and presented an overall surface aggregation pattern. The soil salt content in spring and summer decreased first and then increased with the increase of soil depth and presented an overall bottom aggregation pattern. In spring, the salt content in root domain layer (0-60 cm) was higher in the southeast and lower in the northwest, while the salt content of deep soil layer (60-100 cm) was lower in the southeast and higher in the northwest. The overall content of soil salinity in summer was low and the horizontal distribution was consistent. High value areas of soil salinity in autumn and winter were found in the southwest of the study area, close to the Tarim river, where there were many original reserves and wasteland.[Conclusion] The annual variation of soil salinity in the 31 regiment irrigated area is generally characterized by salt accumulation in autumn and winter, desalinization in spring and summer, and the horizontal distribution of soil salinity is mainly affected by land use type, topographical factors, and distance from the water source.