[Objective] The change of agricultural water consumption in the northwest arid region of China and its influence were analyzed to provide guidance for the future development of the Yutian oasis.[Methods] Using the meteorological data from 1980 through 2018 and the land-use/cover data from 1990 and 2018 in the Yutian County, Xinjiang Wei Autonomous Region, the water consumption characteristics of the Yutian oasis were analyzed.[Results] ① The climate change in the study area showed a clear warming and humidity trend. The land-use/cover change was mainly manifested in the increase of the cultivated land area of the oasis, whereas the water area showed a decreasing trend. ② The runoff of the Keriya River showed a significant upward trend in the Yutian oasis, with an annual average flow that was 6.00×10⁸ m³ higher than before, and the water consumption of agricultural green water also showed an increasing trend. It was 1.78×10⁹ m³ higher than that in 2000.[Conclusion] The increase of temperature resulted in an increase of crop evapotranspiration, and the increase of cultivated land area aggravated the water consumption, causing the total water consumption of Yutian oasis to increase annually.